阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第
2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的位置上。
Caring for the
Old The old do not have to look exclusively to the past.
Relieved of some of life’s responsibilities and fortified by many years of
experience and knowledge, they may have a much better idea of how to spend their
time enjoyably than they did in their youth. And not all enjoyment is restricted
to the mental or philosophical. Healthy physical activity remains quite possible
for most of us well into our later years. Old people sometimes
display surprising freedom and forthrightness in the expression of their
thoughts and feelings, and an ability to transmit affection. It is as though
some of the rituals which constrict us in earlier life fall away.
But a higher percentage of people suffer from emotional distress in old
age than at any other time in adult life, and the gap between need and care is
often filled by dubious measures, such as heavy-handed prescription of medicine.
For many years it was assumed that old people were not appropriate candidates
for psychotherapy. But a few clinicians have risen to the challenge and
discovered that individual and group psychotherapy is just as effective with the
old as with the young. It is easy to understand why an
earthquake causes terror. Yet in old age there may be terror of a very private
nature, a sense of disintegration sometimes stemming from inner conflicts,
sometimes from a premonition of death or the fear of becoming
dependent. Dependency is a grim choice: insecurity and
deprivation must be weighed against loss of autonomy and integrity. But if there
is nothing shameful about the dependency of a baby or a young child, there
should be nothing shameful about the dependencies natural with old age and
diminishing physical resources. The complexity and impersonality
of the bureaucratic establishments, which have the means to provide help, are
often threatening to old people. The younger generation today, on the other
hand, will have had many decades to interact with "the system" by the time they
reach old age. Many of us, including healthcare providers,
assume that we know what old people and dying people want, but our assumptions
are often a reflections of our won thoughts and feelings based on personal
interpretations of scanty bits of observation. Such assumptions are really an
excuse to avoid close contact with the terminally ill. Assuming we "know" what
they want, we observe ourselves from being with them, and sharing their thoughts
about the end of life. We sometimes assume, wrongly, that old
people are too confused or senile to be aware of the nearness of death. In
consequence, communication between a dying and others is subject to
extraordinary omissions and distortions. "Protecting" the dying from knowledge
of their condition often serves to protect us from the uncomfortable prospect of
talking about dying and death. Evasions like this only lead to increasing
isolation at a time when emotional honesty and understanding are most
needed. paragraph 1 ______.