问答题

(1) Properly speaking, a movement is a continuous, collective effort to bring about fundamental social reform and it is a collaborative rather than an individualistic enterprise. (2) No matter how many factions are involved, there is always a common objective. (3) The Black freedom struggle of the 1960’ was such an effort. (4) Its objective was to transform the manner in which Black Americans in the United States were viewed and treated. (5) And Black writers and artists sought to transform the manner in which Black Americans were represented or portrayed in literature and the arts. Select the sentence in the passage that defines the meaning of a term.

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Properly speaking, a movement is a continuous, collective ef......

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(1) When a molten metal or metallic alloy is cooled to a solid, a crystalline structure is formed that depends on the particular alloy composition. (2) In contrast, molten nonmetallic glass-forming materials, when cooled, do not assume a crystalline structure, but instead retain a structure somewhat like that of the liquid—an amorphous structure. (3) At room temperature, the natural long-term tendency for both types of materials is to assume the crystalline structure. (4) The difference between the two is in the kinetics or rate of formation of the crystalline structure, which is controlled by factors such as the nature of the chemical bonding and the ease with which atoms move relative to each other. (5) Thus, in metals, the kinetics favors rapid formation of a crystalline structure, whereas in nonmetallic glasses the rate of formation is so slow that almost any cooling rate is sufficient to result in an amorphous structure. Select the sentence in which the author illustrates the causes of the rate of formation of the crystalline structure.
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The term Ice Age may give a wrong impression. The epoch that geologists know as the Pleistocene and that spanned the 1.5 to 2.0 million years prior to the current geologic epoch was not one long continuous glaciation, but a period of oscillating climate with ice advances punctuated by times of interglacial climate not very different from the climate experienced now. Ice sheets that derived from an ice cap centered on northern Scandinavia reached southward to Central Europe. And Beyond the margins of the ice sheets, climatic oscillations affected most of the rest of the world; for example, in the deserts, periods of wetter conditions (pluvials) contrasted with drier, interpluvial periods. Although the time involved is so short, about 0.04 percent of the total age of the Earth, the amount of attention devoted to the Pleistocene has been incredibly large, probably because of its immediacy, and because the epoch largely coincides with the appearance on Earth of humans and their immediate ancestors. Select a sentence that suggests the cause behind people’s unusual focus on Pleistocene epoch.
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