填空题

A new study has shown that we tend to remember the bad times better than the good.
The study, from Boston College psychologist, Elizabeth Kensinger and colleagues, has (36) that we retain and bear in mind events that carry negative emotional burden.
Her research shows that whether an event is pleasing or aversive (厌恶的；引起厌恶的)seems to be a (37) determinant of the accuracy with which the event is remembered, with negative events being remembered in greater detail than positive ones.
To (38) her theory, Kensinger gives the example of a sight of a man on a street holding a gun. After seeing the man, people remember the gun clearly, but they forget the details of the street.
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) studies have shown (39) cellular activity in emotion processing regions at the time that a negative event is (40) .
The more activity in the orbitofrontal cortex and the amygdala, two emotion-processing regions of the brain, the more likely an individual is to remember details (41) linked to the emotional aspect of the event, such as the exact appearance of the gun.
Kensinger argues that recognizing the (42) of negative emotion on memory for detail may, at some point, save our lives by guiding our actions and allowing us to plan for similar future (43) .
"These benefits make sense within an (44) framework. It is logical that (45) would be focused on potentially threatening information," says Kensinger.
A．occurrences I．critical
B．imagined J．effects
C．evolutionary K．supporting
D．substantiate L．attention
E．concluded M．experienced
F．achievements N．intrinsically
G．influence O．suggested
H．increased

【参考答案】

N
空格以外的语法结构基本完整，因此从语法上来讲，应填入的词汇对句子结构应该不会产生太大影响，最有可能的就是副......

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填空题
According to a new study, a major ingredient to taking the pain out of a stressful day at work is a supportive partner at home. It may not seem like a (26) conclusion but the study is the first to quantify the effects that a (27) ear can have at home and at work. They found that highly stressed employees had a 25 percent higher level of concentration levels if they had a (28) home life. They were also 33 percent more likely to have positive relationships with colleagues, and a 20 percent higher level of job satisfaction. Previous studies have linked work-related stress to (29) mental and physical illnesses, such as depression and obesity. But this study shows how stress can be a vicious circle— (30) affecting the way employees perform at work, which can (31) even more workplace stress. One expert said the mental and physical wellbeing of employees were (32) if they came to work still stressed from the day before. He said: When you’re still angry or upset from yesterday’s stress, your workday will likely go in only one direction—down. And there were obvious (33) at home as well. Employees with strong home support were 25 percent less likely to suffer from after-work (34) . Having an awareness of a partner’s daily work demands—such as deadlines, a lack of adequate resources and bad bosses—could (35) that couples always communicated, and a partner could see when their loved one was underplaying or exaggerating a problem.
单项选择题
One of the advantages of the Academy-Institute awards mentioned in the passage is that ______. A．they are subsidized by the government B．they are often given to unknown artists C．they can also be given to members of the Academy-Institute D．they influence how the National Endowment for the Arts makes its award decisions
Awards are made by committee. Each of the three departments Literature (120 members), Art (83), Music (47)—has a committee dealing with its own field Committee membership rotates every year, so that new voices and opinions are constantly heard.
The most financially rewarding of all the Academy-Institute awards are the Mildred and Harold Strauss Livings. Harold Strauss, a devoted editor at Alfred A. Knopf, the New York publishing house, and Mildred Strauss, his wife, were wealthy and childless. They left the Academy-Institute a unique bequest (遗赠): for five consecutive years, two distinguished (and financially needy) writers would receive enough money so they could devote themselves entirely to "prose literature" (no plays, no poetry, and no paying job that might distract). In 1983, the first Strauss Livings of ＄35,000 a year went to short-story writer Raymond Carver and novelist-essayist Cynthia Ozick. By 1988, the fund had grown enough so that two winners, novelists Diane Johnson and Robert Stone, each got ＄50,000 a year for five years.
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