After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that ______.
A. optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree
B. a Ph.D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degree
C. colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph.D. dropouts
D. Ph.D. ’s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions