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The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases________the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant________of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a________bill that will propose making payments to witnesses________and will strictly control the amount of________that can be given to a case________a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he________with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not________sufficient control. ________of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a________of media protest when he said the________of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges________to Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which________the European Convention on Human Rights legally________in Britain, laid down that everybody was________to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. "Press freedoms will be in safe hands________our British judges,"he said. Witness payments became an________after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were________to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised________witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to________guilty verdicts.

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A
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The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes. 71. Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconceptions of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend. 72.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order. 73. This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting good as opposed to bad science, but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory. 74. However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’’s more fascinating and delightful aspects. 75. New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.