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Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ________As was discussed before, it was not ______ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre- electronic ______ , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the________of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution________ up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading________ through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures________ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in________ It is important to do so.   It is generally recognized,________ , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,________by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,________its impact on the media was not immediately________As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became "personal" too, as well as________, with display becoming sharper and storage________increasing. They were thought of, like people,________generations, with the distance between generations much________.   It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the________within which we now live. The communications revolution has________both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been________views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed________"harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.

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Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)I shall mention two or three matters in which the need for cooperation between philosophy and science is especially intimate. 46 )Since scientific method depends upon first-hand experimentally controlled experiences, any philosophic application of the scientific point of view will emphasize the need of such experiences in the school, as over against mere acquisition of ready-made information that is supplied in isolation from the students’’ own experience. So far, it will be in line with what is called the progressive movement in education. But it will be an influence in counteracting any tendencies that may exist in progressive education to slight the importance of continuity in the experiences that are had and the importance of organization. 47 ) Unless the science of education on its own ground and behalf emphasizes subject-matters which contain within themselves the promise and power of continuous growth in the direction of organization, it is false to its own position as scientific. 48 ) In cooperation with a philosophy of education, it can lend invaluable aid in seeing to it that the chosen subject-matters are also such that they progressively develop toward formation of attitudes of understanding the world in which students and teachers live and toward forming the attitudes of purpose, desire and action which will make pupils effective in dealing with social conditions.Another point of common interest concerns the place in the schools of the sciences, especially the place of the habits which form scientific attitude and method. The sciences had to battle against powerful enemies to obtain recognition in the curriculum. In a formal sense, the battle has been won, but not yet in a substantial sense. For scientific subject-matter is still more or less isolated as a special body of facts and truths. 49) The full victory will not be won until every subject and lesson is taught in connection with its bearing upon creation and growth of the kind of power of observation, inquiry, reflection and testing that are the heart of scientific intelligence. Experimental philosophy is at one with the genuine spirit of a scientific attitude in the endeavor to obtain for scientific method this central place in education.Finally, the science and philosophy of education can and should work together in overcoming the split between knowledge and action, between theory and practice, which now affects both education and society so seriously and harmfully. 50 )Indeed, it is not too much to say that institution of a happy marriage between theory and practice is in the end the chief meaning of a science and a philosophy of education that work together for common ends.