Section A In this section，there is a short passage with 5
questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
Scientists have developed a computerised mind-reading
technique which lets them accurately predict the images that people are looking
at by using scanners to study brain activity. The
breakthrough by American scientists took MRI(磁共振成像)scanning equipment
normally used in hospital diagnosis to observe patterns of brain activity when a
subject examined a range of black and white photographs. Then a computer was
able to correctly predict in nine out of ten cases which image people were
focused on. Guesswork would have been accurate only eight times in every 1000
attempts. The study raises the possibility in the future
of the technology being harnessed to visualise scenes from a person’s dreams or
memory. Writing in the journal Nature，the scientists，led by Dr Jack Gallant from
the University of California at Berkeley，said, “Our results suggest that it may
soon be possible to reconstruct a picture of a person’s visual experience from
measurements of brain activity alone. Imagine a general brain-reading device
that could reconstruct a picture of a person’s visual experience at any moment
in time. ” It will inevitably also raise fears that a suspect’s
brain could be interrogated against his will，raising the nightmarish possibility
of interrogation for“thought crimes”. The researchers say this is currently
firmly in the realm of science fiction because the technique can only be applied
to visual images and，to date，the experiments rely on clumsy MRI scanning
equipment and extremely powerful magnets. The software decoder itself has to be
adapted to each individual during hours of training while ill the scanner.
However the team have warned about potential privacy
issues in the future when scanning techniques improve. “It is possible that
decoding brain activity could have serious ethical and privacy implications
downstream in, say, the 30-to-50-year time frame，”said Prof Gallant. “We believe
strongly that no one should be subjected to any form of brain-reading process
involuntarily, or without complete informed consent. ” Prof. Gallant believes that a brain-reading process can be applied only with the subject’s ______.