填空题

Cryptic Coloring
Cryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or special.
Ⅰ. General resemblance:
It’s especially common among the animal inhabiting some
uniformly colored expanse of (1) , such as an ocean or a desert: (1) ______.
1) Animals are often (2) by their transparent (2) ______.
blue color or sandy appearance.
2) Equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance.
Ⅱ. Special resemblance:
It’s far commoner than general, and usually met with:
1) on the diversified surface of the earth; 2)on the shores;
3) in (3) water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. (3) ______.
The (4) of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more (4) ______.
or less exact resemblance to some one of (5) in the environment. (5) ______.
Ⅲ. The attempts have been made along two lines for the
(6) of these mast interesting and elaborate adaptations: (6) ______.
1) The first explans:
Effect is a result of the direct influence of the environment
upon (7) , or by the inherited effects of efforts and (7) ______.
the (8) of parts. (8) ______.
2) The second believes:
(9) produced the result and afterwards maintained it (9) ______.
by the survival of the best concealed in each generation.
In the present state of science, the only possible hole
of an interpretation (10) the theory of natural selection. (10) ______.