Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage,
there are altogether 20 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part of a
sentence. Yon may have to change s word, add a word or just delete a word. If
you change a word, cross it out with a slash (—) and write the correct word. If
you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in bracket)
immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash
(—). Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
(51)"Humanism" has used to mean too many thing to be a very satisfactory
term. (52) Nevertheless, and in the lack of a better word, (53) I
shall use it here to explain for the complex of attitudes which this discussion
has undertaken to defend. (54) In this sense a humanist
is anyone who rejects the attempt to describe or account of man wholly on the
basis of physics, chemistry, and animal behavior. (55) He is anyone
who believes that will, reason, and purpose are real and significant: that value
and justice are aspects of a reality called good and evil and rests upon some
foundation other than custom; (56) that consciousness is so far from a
mere epiphenomenon that it is the most tremendous of actualities. (57)
that the unmeasure, may be significant; or to sum it all up; (58) that
those human realities which sometimes seem to exist only in human mind are the
perceptions of the mind. (59) He is, in other words,
anyone who says that there are more things in heaven and earth than those
dreamed of in the positivist philosophy. (60) Originally,
to be sure, the term humanist meant simply anyone who thonght the study of
ancient literature his chief concern. Obviously it means, as I use it, very much
more. (61) But there remains nevertheless a certain connection between
the aboriginal meaning and that I am attempting to give it, (62)
because those whom I describe as humanists usually recognize that literature
and the arts have been pretty consistently "on its side" and (63)because
it is often to literature that they turn to renew their faith in the whole class
of truths which the modem world has so consistently tended, to dismiss as the
mere figments of a wishful thinking imagination. (64)
Insofar as this modern world gives less and less attention to its literary
past, insofar as it dismisses that past as something outgrow and (65) to
be discarded as much as the imperfect technology contemporary with it has been
discarded, (66) just to that extent it facilitate the surrender of
humanism to technology. (67) The literature is to be found, directly
expressed or (68) more often, indirectly implied, the most effective
correction to the views now most prevalent among the thinking and
unthinking. (69) The great imaginative writers present a
picture of human nature and of human life which carries conviction and thus
giving the lie to all attempts to reduce man to a mechanism. Novels and poems,
and dramas are so persistently concerned with the values which relativism
rejects that one might even define literature as the attempt to pass value
judgments upon representations of human life, (70) More often than not
those of its imaginative persons who fail to achieve power and wealth are more
successful than those who do not--by standards which the imaginative writer
persuades us to accept as valid.