SECTION A In this section you will hear a
mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the
lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but
you will need them to complete a gap.filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the
mini-lecture. Use the blank paper for note-taking. Now listen to
the mini-lecture. Air
Pollution Air pollution is typically caused by (1)_____ran
by the factories of modern industrial na-
(1)_____ tions, automobiles, trains, planes, and buses. Each year, plenty of
wastes get into the air. It does great harm to people, (2)_____the eyes and
chests. Many people become ill, and the
(2)_____ death raw among elderly people and people with lung disorders
climbs rapidly caused by a weather(3) (3)_____ _____called a temperature
(4)_____.
(4)_____ At least half of the pollutants in the air come from the engines of
motor vehicles. As they burn fuel, they give off carbon monoxide as a waste,
a colorless, odorless gas, and a deadly poison. This problem can be solved by
special devices designed to make the engine burn the fuel more (5)_____.
(5)_____ Some manufacturers use electricity or other means that will reduce
pollution. Coal and oil are also an important resource of waste.
It is irritating to the (6)_____. Sonic (6)_____ cities have
passed laws that allow coal and oil to be burned only if their sulfur content is
low. There is no air pollution of the ordinary kind. But the
(7)_____materials in these plants could present a (7)_____ danger in an
accident. Also, there is a problem in disposing of the radioactive wastes in a
way that will not endanger the environment. Another type of pollution, called
heat pollution, is caused by both the fuel-burning and (8)
(8)_____ _____plants. It may also kill fish and their eggs, or
(9)_____with their growth.
(9)_____ Totally, physicists, many power plants and
(10)_____should work together to study new
(10)____ ways of generating electricity.