单项选择题

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide--the division of the world into the info (information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.   There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access--after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we’’ve ever had.   Of course, the use of the Internet isn’’ t the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.   To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’’ s Second Wave infrastructure―including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on--were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’’ s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’’ re going to be. That doesn’’ t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet. Digital divide is something______.

A. getting worse because of the Internet
B. the rich countries are responsible for
C. the world must guard against
D.considered positive today
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Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories ________on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior ________they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through ________with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in ________ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, ________ as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, ________ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes ________ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are ________ to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirecfiy ________ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that ________ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment ________ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in ________ lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also ________ changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; ________ , children are likely to have less supervision at home ________ was common in the traditional family ________ This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other ________ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased ________ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing ________ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, ________ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.