问答题

Part B
Are you a compulsive spender, or do you hold on to your money as long as possible Are you a bargain hunter Would you rather use charge accounts than pay cash7 Your answers to these questions will reflect your personality. According to paychologists, our individual money habits not only show our beliefs and values, but can also stem from past problems.
Experts in psychology believe that for many people, money is an important symbol of strength and influence. Husbands who complain about their wives’ spending habits may be afraid that they are losing power in their marriage. Wives, on the other hand, may waste huge amounts of money because they are angry with their husbands. In addition, many people consider money a symbol of love. They spend it on their family and friends to express love, or they buy themselves expensive presents because they need love.
People can be addicted to different things--for example, alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive; that is they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders: they feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational--impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.
There is even a special psychology of bargain hunter. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.
It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business: they consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.
Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy" to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money: they give them "assignments". If a person buys something in every store that he enters, for instance, a therapist might teach him self- discipline in this way: on the first day of his therapy, he must go into a store, stay five minutes, and then leave. On the second day, he should stay for ten minutes and try something on. On the third day, he stays for fifteen minutes, asks the salesclerk a question, but does not buy anything, and he can solve the problem of his compulsive buying.
Directions : The passage below summarizes the main points of the passage. Read the summary and then select the best word or phrase from the box below according to the pas-sage. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
A. two kinds K. express love
B. therapy L. former
C. psychological problems M. strength and influence
D. money N. symbol
E. store O. reflects
F. take pleasure P. bargain hunters
G. compulsive spenders Q. on end
H. cheap R. all right
I. beliefs S. explain
J. psychologists T. longer than
According to (1) , the way we spend our money (2) our personality, (3) and love. For many people, money is an important (4) of (5) . Some people spend money to (6) . Others waste huge amounts of money because they have some (7) . There are (8) of problem spenders: (9) and compulsive (10) . The (11) are those who feel that they must spend money, but cannot (12) why they do so. These people (13) in spending enormous amounts of money. Compulsive bargain hunters are those who often buy things not because they need them but because they are (14) .
If anyone has problems with (15) , he can get help from psychologists. The (16) . goes like this: the person is required to go into a (17) once a day, for three days (18) , and each time he stays (19) the day before, but he doesn’t buy any- thing. Soon he will learn that it is (20) if he doesn’t spend any money there.