填空题

The Cinema The first moving pictures, developed in the 1890’s, were different from what we know about cinema today. Because the sound and pictures were not (1) ______ , in addition (1) ______. to the smallness of the screens, the kaleidoscope which his system was called, was only popularized in its (2) ______. (2) ______. The Frenchmen developed the same principle and succeeded in exporting their cinematography to Europe, India, Australia and Japan. But the films were (3) ______. (3) ______. After that, great advances were made in cinema. In 1903, with the use of moving cameras, an improvement on the fixed cameras, The Great Train Robbery, which lasted (4) ______. (4) ______. minutes, was made. In the following years, films were longer and the screens became larger and other refinements were introduced. In the early (5) ______, with the development of effective (5) ______. sound system, the major problem of sound and picture (6) ______ was solved. But oddly enough, for a few years, (6) ______. the cameras had to be fixed again to reduce the (7) ______ (7) ______. of their mechanism. The development of colour was the last important change in cinema. Though early films were generally black and white, people thought they were (8) ______ In 1922, a (8) ______. two-colour system was used in the first real colour films. Because of the unstable quality, the scenes, sometimes (9) ______, and high cost, it took longer for it to be accepted. (9) ______. For all the improvements in the techniques of cinema and the changes in the style of (10) ______, the basics -- moving (10) ______. pictures, colour and sound -- remain the same.