Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate
each underlined part into Chinese.
Each for its own reason, the study of residential mobility has
been a concern of three disciplines: sociology, economics, and geography.
For the economist, residential shifts provide a means for studying
the housing and land markets. 71. Geographers study mobility to understand
the spatial distributions of population types. For the sociologist,
interest in residential mobility has two sources: one stemming from the
study of human ecology and the other, from a concern with the peculiar qualities
of urban life. Of course, there are clearly overlapping concerns and it is often
difficult to discern the disciplinary origins of a researcher by soly examining
the kinds of questions he or she raises about mobility although it is usually
easier to identify a researcher’s discipline by nothing the methods used and the
concepts employed. Urban mobility first appears in the
sociological literature as a term expressing rather generalized qualities of
urban, as opposed to non-urban life. 72. Some sociologists refer to the
mobility of the city as the considerable sum of myriad and incessant sources of
stimulation impinging upon the urban dweller, a sort of sensory overload which
produces sophistication, indifference, and a lowered level of affect in urban
dwellers, There is simply so much to experience that the urban dweller’s
capacity is reduced to react in a a spontaneous" and "natural" way to urban
existence. 73. It is mobility in this sense that produces some of the
special qualities of urban life, which appeal to migrants as an escape from the
dullness and oppression of rural existence with its lack of change and
stimulation, and, on the other hand produces anomie (社会反常状态)and alienation in a
society where men see each other primarily as means to ends rather than as ends
in themselves. Of course, mobility in this larger sense of sensory overload
is not a system property.