问答题

Popular and learned words In every cultivated language, there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words with which we become acquainted in (47)______ conversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the members of our own family and from our familiar (48)______, and which we should know and use even if we could not read or write. They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in (49)______ of all who speak the language. Such words may be called "popular" since they belong to the people at large and are not the (50)______ possession of a limited class. On the other hand, our language includes a multitude (大量的) of words which are (51)______ seldom used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little occasion to (52)______ them at home or in the market-place. Our first acquaintance with them comes not from our mother’’s lips or from the talk of our schoolmates, but (53)______ speakers, who are discussing some particular topic. These are called learned words. The difference between popular and learned words may be easily seen in a few examples. We may describe a girl as "lively" or "vivacious". In the first case, we are using a native English formation from the familiar noun "life". In the (54)______, we are using a Latin derivative(派生词) which has precisely the same meaning. Yet the (55)______ of the two words is quite different. No one ever got the adjective "lively" out of a book. We cannot remember a time when we did not know it, and we feel sure that we learned it long before we were able to read. On the other hand, we must have passed several years of our lives before learning the word "vivacious". We may even remember the first time that we saw it in print or heard it from some grown-up friends who were talking over our childish heads. Both "lively" and "vivacious" are good English words, but "lively" is popular and "vivacious" (56)______. WORD BANK A) associates B) latter C) unknown D) meaning E) ordinary F) atmosphere G) distribute H) comparatively I) exclusive J) employ K) effectively L) educated M) trade N) plus O) learned