单项选择题

You had me at "Hello"! It turns out our opening words make people take less than a second to form an impression of someone’s personality based on their voice alone.
We know that our voices can transmit subtle signals about our gender, age, even body strength and certain personality traits, but Phil McAleer at the University of Glasgow and his colleagues wondered whether we make an instant impression. To find out, they recorded 64 people as they read a passage. They then extracted the word "hello" and asked 320 people to rate the voices on a scale of 1 to 9 for one of 10 perceived personality traits—including trustworthiness, dominance and attractiveness.
Although it’s not clear how accurate such snap judgments are, what is apparent is that we all make them, and very quickly. "We were surprised by just how similar people’s ratings were," says McAleer. Using a scale in which 0 represents no agreement on a perceived trait and 1 reflects complete agreement, all 10 traits scored on average 0.92—meaning most people agreed very closely to what extent each voice represented each trait.
It makes sense that decisions about personality should happen really fast, says McAleer. "There’s this evolutionary ’approach/avoidance’ idea—you want to quickly know if you can trust a person so you can approach them or run away and that would be redundant if it took too long to figure it out."
The impression that our voices convey—even from an audio clip lasting just 390 milliseconds—appears to be down to several factors, for example, the pitch of a person’s voice influenced how trustworthy they seemed. "A guy who raises his pitch becomes more trustworthy," says McAleer. "While girls are on the opposite."
The methods used in this paper are familiar, but the conclusions are novel and interesting. The way the study links personality to attractiveness and reproductive fitness makes sense biologically. The team hope that their work can be used to help create artificial voices for people who have lost their own due to a medical condition and create likable and engaging voices for satnavs, and other robotics.
What is the purpose of this study