填空题

Automobiles were familiar to people of the late 19th century. European engineers pioneered gasoline powered vehicles as (36) for horses and carriages, but these new inventions were (37) primarily for prosperous users. None of the American leaders who were asked for their (38) in 1893 envisioned a national road network; they did not realize there was a (39) demand. The American industrialist Henry Ford (40) this opportunity. He began manufacturing an affordable automobile that freed its owners from the (41) of timetables and the expense of caring for horses. When Ford introduced a moving assembly line in 1913, it was not a (42) innovation; late 19th-cantury manufacturers had already begun, rearranging their plants for more (43) production. (44) . Even Soviet leaders imported American engineers and architects to create Communist versions of the vast industrial complex that Ford had developed in Michigan. Well before Ford’s Model T, drivers of automobiles had started to change public spaces. (45) . As automobile traffic increased and intruded on local streets, residents of some New York neighborhoods began to stone passing ears. Child safety campaigns soon gave the streets to the motorists. (46) .