The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated lie
contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You
should proofread the passage and correct it in the following
way." For a wrong word,
underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank
provided
at the end
of the line. For a missing word,
mark the position of the missing word with a " ∧ "sign and write the
word
you believe to be
missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an
unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and
put the word in the blank
provided at the end of the line.
Before considering this question it is interesting to review briefly the
evolution of (1) ______ the mind as the instrument. The commonest way
that has been used to find out the relative intellectual level of creatures
at different stage of evolutionary complexity has (2) ______ been to study
the way they behave when giving different kinds of puzzles. For example,
(3) ______ an ant possesses a complex routine of behaviour, but can it
think The answer is what (4) ______ if an ant is forced to go through
a maze of passages, many of which are dead ends, on its way to its nestle, it
starts by making a lot of mistakes and taking a great many (5)
______ wrong turnings. In the end, however, after it has to worry its way
through often (6) ______ enough, it does learn to
get to its nest without going into any of the blind alleys. As one moves up
the evolutionary scale the test of mind-power exemplified by solving (7)
______ the problem of getting through a maze becomes very simple. Among
mammals, (8) ______ for example, the maze is an
inadequate test. The learning problem does not tax enough attributes of the
mind. In this sort of learning, as a matter of fact, rats can hit
university undergraduates and have, in fact, repeatedly done so. The next,
more subtle test of (9) ______ mental ability is to see
what level an animal can think about something when
(10) ______ it is not there.