Task 3 Directions:The following is an introduction
to skills in writing a business report. After reading it, you are required to
complete the outline below it (No. 46 to No. 50). You should write your answers
briefly (in not more than three words) on the answer sheet
correspondingly.
An abbreviation (缩写词) can be defined as a shortened form of a
word or term. Abbreviations are an attempt to communicate
information fast and accurately. But this goal is not always achieved. To many
people, particularly to those new to a field, reports and papers sometimes seem
to be written in a telegraphic style with abbreviations so interspersed (夹杂) as
to make the message almost meaningless. Owing to the lack of a comprehensive
dictionary of abbreviations and the diverse definitions of abbreviations among
subject areas, it is common practice in most scholarly publications to include
in an appendix (目录) at the end of the book a list of the abbreviations used.
Another method is to explain the abbreviation to the reader the first time it
appears. Librarians, like everyone else, tend to use
abbreviations to save space and time and to eliminate the necessity of repeating
words or phrases that are long and complicated. In the library and information
science field, abbreviations are used primarily for magazine and book titles,
names of organizations, etc. Definition of an abbreviation: (46)
of a word or term Purpose of using abbreviations: (47)
fast and accurately Causes of difficulties in using
abbreviations: 1. lack of a comprehensive dictionary 2． (48)
of abbreviations among subject areas Ways to introduce
abbreviations: 1. To include abbreviations in (49) at the
end of the book 2. To give explanations One kind of users of abbreviations
mentioned here: (50)