单项选择题

Architecture is art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. The practice of architecture emphasizes (47) relationships, orientation, the support of activities to be carried out within a designed environment, and the arrangement and (48) rhythm of structural elements, as opposed to
the design of structural systems themselves. Appropriateness, uniqueness, a sensitive and (49) response to functional requirements, and a sense of place within its surrounding physical and social (50) distinguish a built environment as representative of a culture’s architecture.
Building construction is techniques and industry involved in the assembly and erection of structures. Early humans built primarily for shelter, using simple methods. Building materials came from the land, and fabrication was (51) by the limits of the materials and the builder’s hands. The erection sequence involved, as now, first placing a (52) (or using the ground). The builder erected the structural system; the structural material (masonry, mud, or logs) served as both skeleton and enclosure. Traditional bearing-wall and post-and-beam systems eventually gave (53) to framed structures, and builders became adept at sealing and fireproofing with a variety of claddings (exterior coverings) and finishes. Steel-framed buildings are usually enclosed by (54) walls. In modern-day construction, (55) the skeleton of the building is only the beginning; specialists then begin the bulk of the work inside, installing plumbing, electrical wiring, HVAC (heating, (56) , and air-conditioning), windows, floor coverings, plasterwork, moldings, ceramic tile, cabinets, and other features.

56（）

点击查看答案&解析