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Why Would They Falsely
Confess Why on earth would an innocent person falsely
confess to committing a crime To most people, it just doesn’t seem logical. But
it is logical, say experts, if you understand what can happen in a police
interrogation (审讯) room. Under the right conditions, people’s
minds are susceptible (易受影响的) to influence, and the pressure put on suspects
during police grillings (盘问) is enormous. (46) "The pressure
is important to understand, because otherwise it’s impossible to understand why
someone would say he did something he didn’t do. The answer is: to put an end to
an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess."
Developmental psychologist Allison Redlich recently conducted a laboratory
study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn’t do.
(47) The researchers then intentionally crashed the computers
and accused the participants of hitting the "alt" key to see if they would sign
a statement falsely taking responsibility. Redlich’s findings
clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely confess: 59
percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed.
(48) Of the 15- to 16-year-olds, 72 percent signed confessions,
as did 78 percent of the 12- to 13-year-olds. "There’s no
question that young people are more at risk," says Saul Kassin, a psychology
professor at Williams College, who has done similar studies with similar
results. (49) Both Kassin and Redlich note
that the entire "interrogation" in their experiments consisted of a simple
accusation—not hours of aggressive questioning—and still, most participants
falsely confessed. Because of the stress of a police
interrogation, they conclude, suspects can become convinced that falsely
confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation. (50)
A. In her experiment, participants were seated at computers and
told not to hit the "alt" key, because doing so would crash the systems. B.
"In some ways," says Kassin, "false confession becomes a rational
decision." C. "It’s a little like somebody’s working on them with a dental
(牙齿的)drill," says Franklin Zimring, a law professor at the University of
California at Berkeley. D. "But adults are highly vulnerable too." E. How
could an innocent person admit to doing something he didn’t do F. Redlich
also found that the younger the participant, the more likely a false
confession.