SECTION A In this section you will hear a
mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLE While listening to the
lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but
you will need them to complete a gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the
mini-lecture. Use the blank paper for note-taking. Now listen to
the mini-lecture.
Cryptic Coloring Cryptic coloring is by
far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for
the purpose of attack as well as of defense, and may be either general or
special. Ⅰ. General resemblance:
It’s especially common among the animal inhabiting some
uniformly colored expanse of (1) , such as an
ocean or a desert: (1)
______. 1) Animals are often (2)
by their transparent
(2)
______. blue color or sandy
appearance. 2) Equally diverse forms are defended
by their sandy appearance. Ⅱ. Special
resemblance: It’s far commoner than general,
and usually met with: 1) on the diversified
surface of the earth; 2)on the shores; 3) in
(3) water; 4)on the surface of the ocean.
(3) ______. The (4)
of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more
(4) ______.
or less exact resemblance to some one of (5)
in the environment. (5) ______. Ⅲ. The attempts have been made along two lines for the (6) of these mast interesting and
elaborate adaptations:
(6) ______. 1) The first
explans: Effect is a result of the direct
influence of the environment upon
(7) , or by the inherited effects of efforts and
(7)
______. the (8) of
parts.
(8) ______.
2) The second believes: (9) produced the result and afterwards maintained it
(9)
______. by the survival of the best
concealed in each generation.
In the present state of science, the only possible hole
of an interpretation (10) the theory of
natural selection. (10)
______.