For a wrong word, underline the
wrong word and write the correct one in the
blank
provided at the end of the line. For a missing word,
mark the position of the missing word with a "∧" sign
and
write the word you believe to be missing in the
blank
provided at the end of the line. For an
unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash
"—" and put the word
in the blank provided at the end of
the line.
The preindustrial period of the development of cities in the
United States began with the establishment of the colonies in the late
1600’s and lasted until about 1850. During this period, urban residents made
up a small percent of (1) ______
the total population and cities were small on size. The leading cities were
East (2) ______ Coast seaports. The importance of
water transportation in the preindustrial period is reflected in building of
many canals to expand the area in which trade (3)
______ could be conducted. Water power was also the chief source. Most city
residents worked in commerce and trade, administration, service, the
small- scale hand production of goods. Mechanic production in the United
Sates had (4) ______ its
beginnings only in the 1820s, when the first textile mills were set up in
New England using the spinning and weaving machines that had been invented
somehow earlier in England. Most people were farmers, but even city
(5) ______
residents were overwhelming rural in background and experience. The
(6) ______
internal structure of cities in the preindustrial period was relatively
differentiated into separate areas for separate activities, for they were
small (7) ______ enough such that people could
easily work or ride, by horseback or by horse and wagon, to the variation of
available facilities. Thus, houses, shops, and
(8) ______ public buildings were typically interspersed; often the
shopkeepers or artisans lived above or behind their stores.
In the preindustrial cities in the United States, which we now regard as
(9) ______ municipal services did
not exist. Generally, residents and businesses were responsible for
providing their own water supplies, disposal of sewage and garbage, and
health services. In a time, firefighting and police protection
(10) ______ were also provided on a volunteer
basis.