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speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto
the end of the handlebars (自行车把). (46)
Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer (生物工程师) at the Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a
study of serious abdominal(腹部的) injures in children in the past 30 years and
showing that more than a third were caused by bicycle accident. (47)
By interviewing the children and their parents,
Kristy and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and
identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injuries. (48)
To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90
degrees, but their momentum (动力) forces them into the end of the handlebars.
(49) The solution the group came up with is
a hand grip (握柄) fitted with a spring and damping (缓冲) system. The spring
absorbs up to 50 percent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an
impact. (50) "But our task has been one of education because
up until now, bicycle manufactures were unaware of the problem," says
Kristy. The term has also approached the U. S. Consumer Product
Safety Commission to try to persuade manufactures to adopt the new design. A
decision is expected later this year. A. The task according to
Kristy was to identify how the injuries occurred and to come up with some
countermeasures (对策). B. The group hopes to commercialize
(使商业化)the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a
bike. C. So a team of engineers is redesigning (重新设计) the humble
handlebar in a bid to make it safer. D. When the task is over,
the engineers believe, there are probably no such injuries or tragedies among
bicycle-drivers. E. The bike then falls over and the other end
of the handlebars hits the ground ramming it into their abdomen.
F. They discovered that most injuries occur when children hit an obstacle
at a slow speed, causing them to topple over.