Cryptic Coloring
Cryptic coloring is the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence.
Ⅰ Cryptic coloring, may be either general or special.
General
1) In general resemblance the animal through its coloring, produces the same
effect as its environment, but no special adaptation of shape and (1) ______ (1) ______
is required.
2) General resemblance is commonly employed by the animal inhabiting some
uniformly colored expanse of the earth’ s surface, such as (2) ______. The (2) ______
effect of a uniform appearance may be produced by a combination of tints in
startling (3) ______. (3) ______
Special
Special resemblance is far commoner than the general one and is the form usually
met with on the diversified surface (4) ______, as well as on the floating masses of algae (4) ______
on the surface of the ocean. In these environments the cryptic coloring of animals is
usually aided by special modifications of shape, and by the instinct which leads them to
assume particular (5) ______. (5) ______
Accordingly we can note that the animal tries to be hidden from view by becoming
(6) ______ from its background in case of general resemblance while the animal tries to (6) ______
be mistaken for some well-known object in case of special resemblance.
Ⅱ People have tried to explain these adaptations in two ways.
1) The first suggestion that the effect is a result of the direct influence of the
environment on the (7) ______ breaks down when the complex nature of (7) ______
numerous special resemblances is (8) ______ (8) ______
2) The second believes that natural selection produced the result and afterwards
maintained it by the survival of the best concealed in (9) ______. The (9) ______
cryptic effect is due to the exact cooperation of many factors; and in the
present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation lies in
(10) ______. (10) ______