填空题

Leadership
In general, a business firm’s success depends on the style and effectiveness of its leaders.
Then, what makes successful leadership This is a question of great interest to all such
34 managers and management researchers. Many theories have been proposed to, but none
has
35 given an even entirely satisfactory answer. In the early days of management study, many
36 believed that leaders are "born, not are made", and successful leaders are born with
certain
37 characteristics or traits that other people do not possess, hence the name is trait theory.
38 This theory has never been decisively substantiated by the empirical evidence and, therefore,
39 has been declined in popularity. Yet there are still some who believe that successful leaders
40 do share some traits which make them stand out from ordinary people. The leaders, who
41 according to their observation, seem to be more intelligent, more sociable, more emotionally
42 resilient, and more motivated to make achievements than other people. According to
43 the degree of freedom managers give to their subordinates, there are basically three types
44 of leaders, namely, boss-centered, democratic, and subordinate-centered leaders, each
45 appealing to some subordinates. Managers who adopt a boss-centered style dictate out
what their subordinates should do and expect them to obey unconditionally.