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The Clock That Wakes You When You Are Ready
Are you a real grump (脾气坏的人) in the mornings? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and all too ready to hit the snooze (瞌睡) button? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.
The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before waking you up. Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed (恢复精力) every morning.
As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states - light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep (快速眼动睡眠) - that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being wakened during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest.
SleepSmart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped with electrodes (电极) and a microprocessor. This measures electric activity of the wearer's brain, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then at the proper time wakes. you during the last light sleep phase before that.
The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. 'As sleep-deprived (剥夺) people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,' says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. They have almost finished a prototype and plan to market the product by next year.
SleepSmart is a clock that
A.enables you to go to sleep.
B.enables you to sleep deeply.
C.enables you to get up early.
D.wakes you up during your last light sleep phase.

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Recycling Around the WorldRecycling is one of the best environmental success stories of the late 20th century. But we could do more. People must not see recycling as fashionable, but essential.The Japanese are very good at recycling because they live in a crowded country. They do not have much space. They do not want to share their limited space with rubbish. But even so, Tokyo area alone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present.In 1996, the United States recycled and composted (制成肥料) 57 million tons of waste (27% of the nation's solid waste). This is 57 million tons of waste which did not go into landfills and incinerators (焚化炉). In doing this, 7,000 rubbish collection programmes and recycling centres helped the authorities.In Rockford, a city in Illinois, US, its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage (废物). If the garbage does not contain any newspapers or aluminium (铝) cans, then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least $1,000.In Japan, certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers.In one year Britain recycles: 1 out of every 3 newspapers. 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars (罐子). 1 out of every 4 items of clothing. 1 out of every 3 aluminium drink cans.In 1999, Hong Kong transported 1.3 million tons of waste to mainland China for recycling. Around 535,000 tons of waste were recycled in Hong Kong itself.Over half the things we throw away could be recycled. That means we could recycle 10 times as much as we do now.However, recycling needs a lot of organisation and special equipment. Also, there is not much use for some recycled material.Which of the following is NOT true of the Japanese?A.They have recycled all their waste.B.They live in a crowded country.C.They are very good at recycling.D.They have to share their limited space with rubbish.
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