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SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH
Directions: Translate the following text into English.
从20世纪下半叶起,英语作为全球通用语言的地位进一步得到巩固和发展。英语已经不再是非英语国家和英语国家的人们进行交流时的工具,而更多地成为非英语国家之间的人们进行沟通的共用语言。英语在非英语国家的发展已经造成了许多带有浓厚地域特色的变体,它们的诞生已经或将要对英语今后的变化与发展带来不可忽视的影响。

A.


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Since the second half of the 20th century English has furthe......

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?Read the article below about employee participation and family-friendly working.?For each question 31—40, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.SOME studies which have examined the business consequences of implementing family-friendly employment policies have found benefits in doing so. Others have tried to determine whether employees have a voice (31) work-life issues, and how instrumental it might be in establishing family-friendly employment policies.Employees appear (32) have a voice of some kind in larger organizations. It tends (33) be collective, and expressed through trade unions or staff associations. Smaller enterprises typically lack collective means of expression, though there can be direct communication (34) individual employees and their employers over flexible working. Some studies have reported individuals negotiating informal arrangements (35) their managers in small and medium-sized enterprises to suit their individual circumstances, but not all employees have a powerful enough voice to achieve this.Family-friendly policies appear to be more widespread and deeply embedded (36)enterprises which recognize unions, though this association does not imply that unions have a more effective voice. Various studies have confirmed the low-key role of trade unions. Consultation even with and among line managers also appears to be rather restricted, (37) the possible exception of health services, (38) there is an organisational cultural tradition of consultation.However, the major factor influencing employers (39) implement or extend family-friendly policies appears not to be collective or individual employee pressures, (40) labour-market conditions backed by minimal statutory requirements.(31)