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下面是一组信用和加强信用制度建设的材料
材料1
到山西平遥的人多数都参观过日昇昌票号。这家被梁启超誉为“执中国金融界牛耳”的票号,所开的分店在鼎盛时期几乎遍布全国,而且其经营触角已经延伸到俄罗斯、日本和东南亚等国家和地区。早在100多年前,人们就用“一纸之符信遥传,万两之白银立集”来形容它的业务运营,并赞美它“汇通天下”、“九州利赖”。日昇昌票号所以成功,主要得益于它的信用好。信用是市场经济得以运行的一个重要基础。
资本主义经过漫长的历史发展过程,早期不讲信用的现象有所改变,恩格斯指出:“资本主义生产愈发展,它愈不能采用作为它早期阶段的特征的那些琐细的哄骗和欺诈手段。”近100年来,西方资本主义国家比较重视信用制度的建设,采取了一系列措施修正和弥补信用制度的缺陷和漏洞,逐步建立了比较完备的社会信用体系。
摘自《理论热点18题》
材料2
在我国,随着经济体制改革的深入,社会主义市场体制的培育和完善有了很大进展。但由于多方面的原因,一些地方和单位信用观念薄弱,商业欺诈行为干扰经济社会秩序的现象时有发生,个别地方甚至出现了信用危机。
2004年4月,媒体披露的安徽阜阳“假奶粉事件”致使171名婴儿出现营养不良综合症,其中因并发症死亡13人。类似的事件还有浙江金华的“毒火腿事件”,山东龙口的“掺假有毒粉丝事件”,山西朔州的“毒酒案”等。金融市场也存在大量的失信行为,例如,骗取或故意拖欠银行贷款,伪造虚假上市材料,披露虚假财务信息,利用虚假信息操纵股票价格等现象不乏其例。信用缺失、秩序混乱的典型案例,教训极其深刻。前几年发生的“冠生园”用陈年馅做月饼事件,不但直接导致了这个名牌老店倒闭关门,而且也祸及无辜,使整个月饼行业大伤元气,许多月饼企业因此多年翻不过身来。
摘自《理论热点18题》
材料3
形成以道德为支撑、产权为基础、法律为保障的社会信用制度,是建设现代市场体系的必要条件,也是规范市场经济秩序的治本之策。增强全社会的信用意识,政府、企事业单位和个人都要把诚实守信作为基本行为准则。加快建设企业和个人信用服务体系。建立信用监督和失信惩戒制度。逐步开放信用服务市场。
摘自《十六届三中全会报告》
请回答:
1.结合材料1~2,说明在现代市场经济发展过程中加强信用建设的必要性和重要性。
2.结合材料1~3,说明在完善社会主义市场经济体制过程和规范市场秩序过程中,加强信用制度建设的主要措施。

A.结合材料1~2,说明在现代市场经济发展过程中加强信用建设的必要性和重要性。
2.结合材料1~3,说明在完善社会主义市场经济体制过程和规范市场秩序过程中,加强信用制度建设的主要措施。


【参考答案】

(1)信用的基本解释是遵守诺言、实践成约、取信于人。在市场经济条件下信用是指在交易中一方或双方因履行承诺而得到信任。等价......

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