问答题

简答题凡分田．照人口．不论男女，算其家人口多寡．人多则多分，人寡则寡分，杂以九等．……好丑各半．……务使天下共享天父上主皇上帝大福，有田同耕，有饭同食，有衣同穿，有钱同使，无处不均匀．无人不饱暖也．
摘自《天朝田亩制度》
(1)上述制度是在中国近代哪一次革命运动中制定的？
(2)上述所引材料的主要内容是针对当时中国的什么背景而制定的？
(3)怎样评价这个制度？

【参考答案】

(1)太平天国运动．
(2)土地兼并严重．
(3)它是太平天国的革命纲领，反映了农民强烈要求废除封建土地......

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?Read this text taken from a book on marketing management. ?Choose the best sentence to fill each of the gaps. ?For each gap (9-14), mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet. ?Do not use any letter more than once. The Development of the Shoe Industry From 1900 until 1940s, approximately 400 shoe manufacturers were operating in New England; by 1985, only 10 percent remained. Despite the market pressures, Murrayhill remained profitable and had even diversified its distribution channels by establishing direct mail cataloging in the late 1970s. Murrayhill survived by producing a premium-quality product that was difficult to duplicate and that appealed to a narrow market segment willing to pay high prices for Murrayhill quality. As fashion became a more important component of men's shoe purchasing behavior. and casual styles became more popular, the company broadened its product line to include several fashionable and light-weight styles that retained the famous Murrayhill quality. (9) In 1985, the men's premium shoe market was considered to include brands with a price range of $ 75 or higher. Murrayhill, Inc. Hohnston & Murphy, E.T. Wright & Company, Alien Edmonds, and Florsheim were the major domestic manufacturers producing premium shoes. Measuring market share within the industry was difficult because so many of the manufacturers were private companies, like Murrayhill. (10) Alien Edmonds, headquartered in Wisconsin, relied primarily on nonproprietary retail outlets for its distribution. Its advertising was sizable, with expenditures in $1 million to $2 million range. (11) .Alien Edmonds also operated a small direct mail catalog business, the majority of whose costs were handled by Edmonds's retail accounts. E.T. Wright & Company, headquartered in Massachusetts, operated an extensive direct mail business and, like Murrayhill, relied on non-proprietary distribution. (12) Florsheim's product line covered several price points, including those in the premium market. Florsheim was, by far, the strongest competitor, with an estimated market share of 18 percent and both non-proprietary retail distribution channels. Hanover, a medium priced shoe manufacturer, also was noted for its direct distribution system. (13) .Imports accounted for a 50 percent share of the total men's shoe market. Bally, the strongest competitor, was the leading imported brand in this market before 1975 and maintained a market share of close to 25 percent at that time. By 1985, other imported brands included Baker Benjes, Cole Ham, Ferragamo, Bruno Magli, and Church's. (14) .Most of the imported brands were lighter in weight and designed to appeal to more fashion-conscious consumers. A The continued labor intensity of shoe manufacturing made the industry vulnerable to lowe-priced imports. B In addition, these companies were not always in direct competition because distribution channels differed. C Despite the market pressures, Murrayhill remained profitable and had even diversified its distribution channels by establishing direct mail cataloging in the late 1970s. D Johnston & Murrayhill, on the other hand, operated proprietary retail outlets and experimented in the mail order business for both men's and ladies' premium shoes. E Most of this was spent promoting brand name awareness to consumers. F The company owned over 100 proprietary retail stores, operated a successful mail order business, and produced private label footwear for J.C. Penney&Sears, Roebuck department stores. G The imported products differed from the domestic premium brands, however. H Nonetheless

单项选择题

在第二次世界大战后期，斯大林、罗斯福、丘吉尔三人一起参加的国际会议是（）①开罗会泌②德黑兰会议③雅尔塔会议④波茨坦会议

A.①②
B.①②③
C.②③④
D.②③

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