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As we have seen, there is nothing about language as such that makes linguistic identity coextensive with national identity. 'If he speaks French, he is by any means necessarily French.' French is【M1】______ not the private property of Frenchmen, as English of English【M2】______ people. This should be obvious when one reflects that English is the mother-tongue in Canada, the United States, UK, Australia, New Zealand, and many other areas of the world. Yet many of us still half-consciously feel that when anyone no other than an【M3】______ Englishman uses English, we have a special right to criticise his usage because he has privileged to handle something that is in the【M4】______ Englishmans gift. We feel that he must necessarily look us for a【M5】______ 'standard', because it is 'our' language. It is reasonable to regard【M6】______ any language as the property of a particular nation,and with no language is it more irrational than with English. This is not to say that English is used by a great number of speakers than any other【M7】______ language: it is easily outnumbered in this respect with Chinese. Whereas it is the most international of languages.【M8】______ To people in Africa or Pakistan or Chile, English is the obvious foreign language to master, not merely because it is the native language in Great Britain and the United States, but because it provides a readiest access to the cream of world scholarship and to【M9】______ the bulk of world trade. It is understanding more widely than any【M10】______ other language.
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此题为多项选择题。

A.'
B.【M8】______
C.
【M1】


【参考答案】

any—no
词汇错误。根据常识可以对此句进行判断，“假如一个人会说法语。也不一定表示他就是法国人”。byany......

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Whom can you trust these days? It is a question posed by David Halpern of Cambridge University, and the researchers at the Downing Street Strategy Unit who take an interest in 'social capital'. In intervals they go around asking people in assorted【M1】______ nations the question: 'Generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted?' The results are fascinated. The conclusion that leaps from the【M2】______ figures and into sensational headlines are that social dislocation,【M3】______ religious decline, public scandals, family fragmentation and the fear of crime have made us more trusting. Comparative surveys【M4】______ over 40 years suggest that British trustfulness had halved: in the【M5】______ 1950s 60 per cent of us answered 'yes, most people can be trusted', in the 1980s 44 per cent, today only 29 per cent. Trust levels also continue to fall in Ireland and the US—meanwhile, the Norwegians, Swedes, Danes and Dutch express tremendous confidence in one and anothers honesty: levels are actually rising.【M6】______ In Mexico and Japan the level of trust is also increasing, that is【M7】______ interesting if mild bewildering. And the Palme dOr(金棕榈奖)【M8】______ for mutual suspect goes to the Brazilians—with less than 3【M9】______ per cent replying 'yes'—and the Turks with 6.5 per cent The French, apparently, never trusted each other and still dont. Nevertheless we【M10】______ become less Scandinavian and more French(or Turkish)every year.【M1】此题为多项选择题。
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In an effort to explain how most of language, which is not so directly relatable to meaning, derived from an onomatopoeic beginning, the discipline of etymology began. Through studying the derivational history of words(etymology)the naturalists tended to【M1】______ demonstrate that the origin of all of language was ultimately relatable to words which directly reflected the meanings of their referents. The first philosophical forum on language eventually was【M2】______ developed into a discussion on the regularity of language patterns. Two basic theoretical positions merged as explanatory frameworks【M3】______ for language, that which opted for irregularity and that which insisted that language was essentially regular. From the pre-eminence of latter position it became popular to explain the【M4】______ irregularities of language on the basis language somehow became【M5】______ corrupted with proper usage through time; this theoretical position【M6】______ regarded the older forms of language to be the pure forms.【M7】______ By the Nineteenth Century there was a severe reaction to the highly speculative nature of the philosophizing about the original language of man which had characterized much of the study of language up until then. The interest was still historical, and the【M8】______ goal was not so idealistic. It was a romantic era of a rediscovery of the national past; the mother tongues of nations and families of nations rather than the mother tongue of the whole human race became the focus of attention. The romantic nationalism was a definite influence, but perhaps a more basic cause of the more real【M9】______ goal was the reaction to previously unscientific speculations.【M10】______【M1】此题为多项选择题。
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