单项选择题

The colourful chalkboards and baskets of fruit that greet customers at the entrances of Whole Foods Market's shops paint a rosy picture.Yet shares in the American seUer of organic and natural food have fallen by more than 40%since hitting a peak last October,in a period when stock markets have been strong.41.It is not that the retailer is in immediate crisis:its latest quarterly figures,on July 30th,showed sales and profits both up a bit.And it is not that people are going off the idea of paying more for food produced without chemical fertilisers,pesticides or additives:the Intemational Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements reckons that the industry's worldwide revenues were a record of 63 biUion in 2012;and Techsci Research,a market-research firm,predicts that the American market for such foods-the world's largest-may grow by 14%by 2018.42.The problem is that at Whole Foods,shoppers have been paying way over the cost of regular produce,and its success in getting them to do so has now attracted a lot of competitors,from rival organics chains like Sprouts and Trader Joe's to mass-market retailers like Walmart and Costco.As a result,the pnce premium for organic produce is crashing down.On a recent shopping trip,a pound of organic apples cost 2.99 at Wbole Foods but just l.99 at Sprouts and even less at Costco.43.The firm has been trimming costs to keep its margins up,but the slump in its share price reflects investors'expectation that this cannot continue,that profits will suffer and that Whole Foods'dominance of the market is coming to an end.44.That the company has had to recall a number of products-in late July it and other grocers recalled plums and peaches suspected of contanunation with Listeria bacteria-has made it harder to maintain an air of superiority over its competitors.Organic foods'claim to superiority is questionable anyway.Both Britain's Food Standards Agency and the Annals of Internal Medicine,a journal,concluded after reviewing the extensive studies on the issue that there is no substantial difference in the nutriliousness of organics and non-organics.In some respects organics may be bad for the environment,because growing them uses land less efficiendy than non-organics.45.As for"natural"foods,there is no official definition of this,in America at least;so the label,which Whole Foods also applies to many products,is close to meaningless.Alan McHughen,a bota-nist at the University of California,Riverside,argues that the whole industry is"99%marketing;and public perception,"reeling people in through a fabricated concept of a time when food,and life in general,was simple and wholesome.If true,the trick has worked nicely for Whole Foods.But its success has attracted so many imitators that it is losing its uniqueness.Even recent speculation about a takeover bid has failed to lift its shares.It may insist its food is sustainable.But it seem8 its prices are not.42选?

A.CrisisSeemsFar
B.TheFirmIsAtRisk
C.MoreRivalsJoinIn
D.NaturalFoodsAreUnreal
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Text 4 As the country with the European Union's faslest ageing population,Gennany has repeatedly adjusted its pension system to avert a slow-motion demographic disaster.The biggest reform came during Angela Merkel's first term as chancellor.Then,as now,Christian Democrats were yoked with Social Democrats in a grand coalition .In 2007 the coalition decided that the normal retirement age should gradually rise from 65 t0 67.Mrs Merkel has since preached similar demographic and econonuc wisdom to most of her EU partners,crilicizing France in particular ror straying off the right path.So it comes as something of a shock that Mrs Merkel,now in her third term and running another grand coalition,is reversing course.On the campaign trail for last September's election,she promised to raise pensions for older mothers.The Social Democrats countered wiLh promises to let certain workers retire at 63 instead of 65.As coalilion partners,they will do both at once.It falls to Andrea Nahles,the labour minister and a Social Democrat who likes to wave the banner of social justice ,to push the pension package through parliament by the summer so that it can take effecl on July lst.A previous reform let women with children born after 1992 treat three of their stay-at-home maternily years if Lhey h8d worked and paid full pension contributions.The new mother pension will be for the 8m-9m women who took time off for children before 1992.They will be allowed to count two of those years,instead of just one,as working years for pension purposes.The second part of Mrs Nahles's reforms,retirement at 63,is aimed at people who have contributed to the pension system for at least 45 years.But Mrs Nahles wants to count not only years spent working or caring for children or other family members but also periods of short-term unemploy-ment.Separately,she will also boost the pensions of people who cannot work due to disability,and spend more money to help them to recover.Individually,these proposals may seem noble-minded.But as a package,the plan is short-sighted and one~sided, thinks Axel Bersch-Supan,a pension adviser at the Munich Centre for the Economics of Ageing.It benefits the older generation,which is already well looked after,at the expense of younger people who will have to pay higher contributions or taxes. The financial and psychological costs of the pension al 63 are disastrous, Mr Bersch-Supan says.There wiU no longer be any incentive to keep working longer.In some cases,people may,in effect,retire at 61,register as unemployed for two years,and then draw their full pensions.Pension system in Germany has been adjusLed to_____
A.avertageingtrend
B.tackleageingproblem
C.avoidanaturaldisaster
D.reduceageingpopulation