单项选择题

关于高渗性缺水，下列不正确的是

A.中度缺水的缺水量为体重的4％～6％
B.血清钠为150mmol／L以上
C.患者通常无口渴
D.治疗给予5％葡萄糖溶液或低渗盐水
E.纠正缺水时，还需适当补钠

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SECTION B PASSAGESDirections: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.听力原文： During this century, archaeologists have discovered that trees can be a valuable tool for measuring timE.In scientific terms, this method is called dendrochronology. Dendrochronology is based on the scientific discovery that each year a tree grows a new layer of wooD.When you cut down a tree, for example, you can see and count the layers of concentric circles. These circles will reveal a great deal of information. The layers vary in color and in thickness. These variations are a result of differing climate conditions from year to year that affect the growth of the annual tings. Cold weather, for example, creates thinner and lighter tings while hot weather produces thicker and darker rings. All trees that grow in the same region will have roughly the same pattern of annual rings, and this can be used as a source of comparison and measurement.Early in this century, archaeologists began using the rings to date ruined structures and figures built in the southwestern United States. They did this by comparing the rings of the wood found in the ruins with the rings of recently cut trees. Slowly but surely, the system was extended backwards in time to measure older ruins. The heavy forestry of the United States, coupled with the relative youth of its history, led to a fairly uncomplicated study. Eventually, dendrochronology produced an accurate time and weather record for the American southwest that extended over 2000 years.What happens to trees each year?A.Their tings get thinner and thinner.B.They add a ring of wooD.C.Their rings get darker in color.D.They become more valuablE.

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根据以下资料，回答下列各题： A.But scientists are still working to improve on that，and among them is social psychologist Aldert Vrij of the University of Portsmouth in EnglanD.Vrij has been using akey insight from his field to improve interrogation methods．In short，the truth is automatic and effortless，and lying is the opposite of that．It is intentional，deliberate and exhausting．The human mind，despite its impressive abilities，has limited capacity for how much thinking it can handle at any one timE.So piling on demands foradditional．simultaneous thought--orcognitive“load”--compromisesnormalinformation processing． B.When Vrij and his colleagues asked volunteers what their offices looked likE.after instructing half to tell the truth about their occupations and half to lie，both truth tellersand liars gave the same amount of detail in their verbal responses．But when Vrij askedthem to draw their offices，the liars’drawings were much less detailed than those of thetruth tellers． C.All these tricks may seem like overkill when we think about the fictional detectives weknow，including Holmes Sherlock，who seem able to ferret out every falsehood theyhear without using any strategies other than their intuition．But in real life，such people are exceedingly rare；and researchers have been trying--without a lot of success--to unravel these genius’strategies．Until they d0，less sophisticated lie catchers may beable to exploit the mind’s cognitive deficits，using tricks such as Vrij’s，to catch thebad guys in their deceptions． D.And in fact，that is just what happens in the lab：Vrij ran an experiment in which half the liars and truth tellers were instructed to recall their stories in reverse order．When observers later looked at videotapes of the complete interviews，they correctly spotted only 42 percent of the lies people told when recounting their stories without fabrication-- below average，which means they were hard to spot—but a remarkable 60 percent whenthe liars were compromised by the reverse storytelling． E.Psychological scientists are fascinated by keen lie spotter．Detecting lies and liars isessential to effective policing and prosecution of criminals，but it is maddeninglydifficult．Most of us can correctly spot barely more than half of all lies and truths through listening and observation--meaning we are wrong almost as often as we are right．And half a century of research has done little to polish this unimpressive trackrecorD.F.Another strategy that could be surprisingly effective is to ask suspects to draw a picturE.Putting pencil to paper forces people to give spatial information-something that most liars have not prepared for as part of planning their lies and that，therefore，overtaxes their mental resources． G．Here are a few strategies that Vrij and his colleagues have been testing in the laboratory． One intriguing strategy is to demand that suspects tell their stories in reversE.Narrating backward increases cognitive load because it runs counter to the natural forward sequencing of events．Because liars already have depleted cognitive resources，they should find this unfamiliar mental exercise more taxing than truth tellers do—which should increase the likelihood that they will somehow betray themselves． _________

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